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Armageddon

Did an Ancient Volcano Freeze Earth?

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One fine day about 74,000 years ago, a giant volcano on Sumatra blew its top. The volcano, named Toba, may have ejected 1000 times more rock and other material than Mount St. Helens in Washington state did in 1980. In the process, it cooled the climate by at least 10°C, causing a global famine. But could the aftermath have been even worse? A new study puts to rest questions about whether Toba plunged Earth into a 1000-year deep freeze and whether an equivalent event today could jump-start a new, millennia-long ice age.

Giant volcanic eruptions such as Toba briefly cause the opposite of global warming. Although eruptions do emit greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, volcanoes also spew sulfur dioxide. Combined with water vapor, sulfur dioxide forms sulfate aerosols, which can spread around the globe, blocking solar radiation and chilling the air before becoming acid rain and snow.

Paleoclimate evidence suggests that the Toba eruption, which occurred during the last ice age, emitted lots of sulfur dioxide–vastly more than Mount St. Helens did. The eruption also seems to have coincided with the start of a 1000-year period of even colder temperatures. Some scientists have suggested that Toba caused the deep freeze and that perhaps such an event happening today could bring on a new ice age. But models developed by NASA and the National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder, Colorado, argue otherwise.

Researchers led by climatologist Alan Robock of Rutgers University in New Brunswick, New Jersey, ran scenarios that featured eruptions producing up to several times more sulfur dioxide than Toba. The result, published 27 May in the Journal of Geophysical Research—Atmospheres, was a cooler climate that lasted only a few decades. So the 1000-year cold spell was probably part of the natural cycle that has produced more than a dozen ice ages over the past couple of million years.

“The results virtually eliminate mega volcanic eruptions as one of the key drivers of global-scale glaciation,” says climatologist Ellen Mosley-Thompson of Ohio State University in Columbus, who was not involved in the study. So, paleoclimatologists should focus on more likely climate coolers, she says, such as changes in ocean circulation or cyclical variations in Earth’s orbit around the sun.

Still, if Toba erupted today like it did in the past, the results would be catastrophic. Although the volcano isn’t expected to blow its top for thousands of years, Robock and colleagues estimate a megaeruption could lower global temperatures by as much as 17°C for several years, followed by a recovery to normal conditions that could take decades. That would hit the human population with the double whammy of dramatically reduced agricultural production and widespread loss of vegetation, leading to widespread food shortages and starvation.

By Phil Berardelli

Source: American Association for the Advancement of Science

2012

2013: The End of Days or a New Beginning: Envisioning the World After the Events of 2012

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2013: The End of Days or a New Beginning: Envisioning the World After the Events of 2012The 5,125-yearlong Mayan calendar ends on December 21, 2012, which many claim portends a massive global transformation. Some dread its arrival, believing it will be the beginning of the end. Others await it with delicious anticipation, expecting it to be the catalyst for a quantum leap of consciousness, the dawning of a true New Age.

Others wonder if anything at all will occur–remember Y2K?

2013: The End of Days or a New Beginning: Envisioning the World After the Events of 2012 examines all of the popular myths, prophecies, and predictions circulating about 2012, including the Mayan teachings of time acceleration and global awakening on a consciousness level. Furthermore it takes an in-depth look at lesser-known predictions and prophecies, and at the more scientific and reality-based challenges we will face.

Some of the questions this book explores include:

* Will cosmic and earthly chaos disrupt our lives with destructive sunspot cycles, volcanic super-eruptions, monster storms, mass extinctions, and asteroid threats?

* Will huge leaps in technology create bionic humans, computers that think, and an end to all disease–possibly even death itself?

* Will economic and geopolitical powers shift out of the West and into the “the New Eurasia,” with new wars being fought over dwindling resources as global warming takes its toll?

* Will this be the evolution revolution of human consciousness–or the final countdown that leads to Armageddon itself?

* Will it be the apocalypse so many have feared–or the rebirth of the world and the transformation of humanity?

There is much, much more to the 2012 enigma than just an ancient calendar, and 2013: The End of Days or a New Beginning? will prove it.

<a target=”_blank” href=”http://www.amazon.com/Marie-D.-Jones/e/B001JPA3KC/?_encoding=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=390957&linkCode=ur2&tag=3xstrange-20″>Marie D. Jones</a><img src=”https://www.assoc-amazon.com/e/ir?t=3xstrange-20&l=ur2&o=1″ width=”1″ height=”1″ border=”0″ alt=”” style=”border:none !important; margin:0px !important;” /> is the coauthor of Supervolcano: The Catastrophic Event That Changed the Course of Human History and PSIence: How New Discoveries in Quantum Physics and New Science May Explain the Existence of Paranormal Phenomena.

She is a widely published writer with hundreds of credits, including dozens of inspirational gift books and five Chicken Soup for the Soul books.

She is also a licensed New Thought Minister and spiritual counselor with a background in metaphysical studies. She has appeared on numerous radio shows including Coast to Coast A.M. and Darkness Radio.

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Doll Haunted by tennager prostirute

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This item has been removed from eBay website.

Source: regretsy.com

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Undersea Volcano Threatens Italy, Says Scientist

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Europe’s largest undersea volcano could disintegrate and unleash a tsunami that would engulf southern Italy “at any time,” a prominent vulcanologist warned in an interview published Monday.

The Marsili volcano, which is bursting with magma, has “fragile walls” that could collapse, Enzo Boschi told the leading daily Corriere della Sera.

The event would result in “a strong tsunami that could strike the coasts of Campania, Calabria and Sicily,” Boschi said.

The undersea Marsili, 9,800 feet tall and located some 90 miles southwest of Naples, has not erupted since the start of recorded history. It is 44 miles long and 19 miles wide, and its crater is about a quarter mile below the surface of the Tyrrhenian Sea.

Source: foxnews.com

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